CONTOH KARYA TULIS ILMIAH TENTANG TEKNOLOGI JENIS LAPTOP

KINDS OF LAPTOP AND TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background
Laptop or portable computers are mobile computers that are relatively small and light, weighing ranges from 1-6 kg, depending on the size, material, and specifications of the laptop. Resources from the laptop battery or A / C adapter which can be used to recharge the batteries and turn on the laptop itself. Laptop batteries generally last about 1 to 6 hours before it finally runs out, depending on how the use of, specifications, and the size of the battery. Laptop sometimes also called a notebook computer or a notebook first.
As personal computers, laptops have the same functionality as the desktop computer (desktop computers) in general. Components contained in it are exactly the components on the desktop, it's just smaller and more numerous, become lighter, less heat, and more power efficient.

B. Problem Formulation
 Is the Laptop?Ø
 What type of LaptopØ
 How History and Development LaptopØ
 How to Tips on Choosing a Laptop?Ø

C. Purpose
 Laptop Knowing What exactly is it?Ø
 Knowing the type - the type of the LaptopsØ
 Know the History and Development of LaptopØ
 Knowing and understanding in choosing a Laptop?Ø

CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

 

A. UNDERSTANDING LAPTOP
Most laptops use LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) measuring 10 inches to 17 inches depending on the size of the laptop itself. In addition, the keyboard found on the free laptop also sometimes equipped with touch board that serves as a "replacement" mouse. Additional keyboard and mouse can be attached via the Universal Serial Bus connector and PS / 2 if available.
Unlike the desktop computer, laptop have supporting components that are designed specifically to accommodate the portable nature of laptops. The main properties owned by the components of the laptop is its small size, saving energy consumption, and efficient. Portable computers are usually more expensive, depending on the brand and specifications of its constituent components, however the price is getting closer portable computer desktop along with the high level of consumer demand.
B. TYPES OF LAPTOP

Netbook
Netbook laptops refers to species that have certain specifications. > A netbook typically use Intel's Atom processor. > Type small-sized portable computer, usually with screens under 12 inches and weighing less than 1 kg.
Asus netbooks became popular when it issued a product called the Eee PC. At that time, the computer at a bargain price is to use a hard drive portable storage media like USB Flash Disk (UFD), with low capacity 4GB.

Mainstream
The laptop, which is characterized by:> processor used, for example, Intel Core i5, i3, and Core 2 Duo. > At least 2GB of memory. > Have a drive to read and write DVDs. > Full-sized keyboard or at least 80% of the width itself.

Tablet PC
This device has a touch screen that is easy to play, and easy to carry anywhere.
From 2010, these devices are becoming a new trend. This trend led by Apple Inc.. which brings the iPad to market. However, there is a difference between the Tablet PC and iPad, namely:> Tablet PC using the stylus is used. While the iPad using fingers. > Tablet PC laptops are meant to be different. While the iPad is intended as a gadget.

C. THE LAPTOP
Portable computer or in English Laptop, notebook or Powerbook is a mobile computer that is relatively small and light, weighing in the range of 1-6 kg, depending on size, materials and specifications of the laptop.
HISTORY:
In the 1970s, Alan Kay of the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center has a vision for a portable computer that does not require wires, about the size of a notebook. He called it the Dynabook. Kay's Dynabook belongs created with wireless network capabilities. And it started to work the wheel development of a portable computer that is actually what it is today.
 In the era of 1979, William Moggridge of Grid Systems corporation created the first portable computer: The Grid Compass Computer 1109. Has 340 kilobytes of memory, a die-cast magnesium case and folding electroluminescent display a. Nasa buy a lot from him in the range of $ 800 perbiji, for use in the space program.
in 1983, Gavilan Computer produced a laptop computer that works well as MS-DOS in 8088 processor. Produced with 64K RAM, can up-grade to 128K. By asking around 9 pounds, has a touchpad / mouse next to the keyboard in front.
In 1984, Apple introduced the Apple IIc models. Apple IIc was a notebook-sized computer, but not the actual laptop. Has a 65C02 microprocessor, 128 kilobytes of memory and 5.25-inch floppy internal, two serial ports, mouse port, modem card, external power supply, and can be folded. The computer itself has a weight of 10 to 12 lb (5kg), but the monitor is a little heavier. Apple IIc has a 9-inch monochrome monitor and LCD panel optional. The combination of a computer / LCD panel has made a portable computer. Apple IIc marketed to the home and education, and reap success for about five years.
Other companies such as IBM, introduced the other laptops in the next year. The first portable computer was a commercial release of the IBM PC, unlike the Apple IIc, convertible PC is really a laptop computer. Such as Gavilan Computer introduced in 1986.
With the rapid technology advances Laptoppun Affected dampaknya.Laptop generation now has a variety of forms from small to large, from simple specifications to a very high specification
Current technological developments bring tremendous impact to the lifestyle of every person. Especially in the field of information technology in terms of both hardware and software. No denying computer development is quite impressive, formerly a computer that is only used for office purposes, now evolved into various fields such as design, gaming, and entertainment. At the beginning of the first computer is only limited in the table can be used alone or often referred to as the computer desktop (computer sits). With the continued development of human thinking and civilization, came the concept or the idea that computers are not just limited to use on the table, but should be used to move where (mobile).
Here is the beginning of phasing development of www.kaskus.us laptop cited are as follows:

This began the first phase of the idea in the 1970s by Alan Kay of the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center has a vision for a portable computer that does not require wires, about the size of a notebook. He called it the Dynabook. Kay's Dynabook belongs created with wireless network capabilities. And it started to work the wheel development of a portable computer that is actually what it is today.

In the era of the second phase in 1979, William Moggridge of Grid Systems corporation created the first portable computer: The Grid Compass Computer 1109. Has 340 kilobytes of memory, a die-cast magnesium case and folding electroluminescent display a. Nasa buy a lot from him in the range of $ 800 perbiji, for use in the space program.

The third phase in 1983, Gavilan Computer produced a laptop computer that works well as MS-DOS on the 8088 processor. Produced with 64K RAM, can up-grade to 128K. Weighing in at 9 pounds, has a touchpad / mouse next to the keyboard in front.

In the fourth stage of the 1984 Apple introduced the Apple IIc models. Apple IIc was a notebook-sized computer, but not the actual laptop. Has a 65C02 microprocessor, 128 kilobytes of memory and 5.25-inch floppy internal, two serial ports, mouse port, modem card, external power supply, and can be folded. The computer itself has a weight of 10 to 12 lb (5kg), but the monitor is a little heavier. Apple IIc has a 9-inch monochrome monitor and LCD panel optional.

The combination of a computer / LCD panel has made a portable computer. Apple IIc marketed to the home and education, and reap success for about five years. Other companies such as IBM, introduced the other laptops in the next year. The first portable computer was a commercial release of the IBM PC, unlike the Apple IIc, convertible PC is really a laptop computer. Such as Gavilan Computer introduced in 1986.
With features: 8088 microprocessor, 256 kilobytes of memory, two floppy drives 3.5-inch (8.9 cm), a LCD display, Parallel and serial printer port, internal modem danSebuah space for basic software includes word processing, penangalan calendar, address book, and software calculator. With a solid weight 12 lbs (5.4 kg), this PC is sold at around $ 3,500. Be the first portable computer with a clamshell design like a laptop now. Success of the PC that can be converted into a catalyst for  like Compaq and Toshiba transform this into a clamshell design their own portable computers. And began the era of a laptop computer.

D. FROM LAPTOP TO THE FUTURE
Here's a brief review of the development of laptop time to time, from thick to thin. We live to enjoy the light and thin portable computer at this time, to be able to cut like a fresh apple thinnest laptop "Apple Macbook Air".
 Original paper illustration Alan Kay Dynabook 1972

 Alan Kay and the prototype of Dynabook
Dynabook
The first portable computer was introduced Alan Kay at Xerox Palo Research Center in 1968. When it introduced the prototype named Alan Kay Dynabook. The purpose of the Dynabook adl in creating it for military purposes. The Dynabook forms like tablet PCs today.
Osborne 1

Osborne 1
Osborne 1 was the first portable microcomputer. Microcomputers was released on 3 April 1981 by Adam Osborne. This microcomputer has a weight of 10.7 kg and sold at a price of Rp. 16 million. In addition, the microcomputer has a screen size of 13 cm and 2 floppy disk.


 

Epsen HX-20
Epson HX-20
Epsen HX-20 first introduced by Epson in 1981 and went on sale to the market since 1983. Epson HX-20 is equipped with nickel-cadmium batteries. Epson portable computer also comes with a screen size of 120 x 32 pixels. Epson HX-20 weighs 1.6 kg and 32 kb memory.

Compaq Portable
Compaq Portable
Participated in the 1982 Compaq introduced their portable computer for the first time. Compaq Computer Corporation Compaq Portable released in 1983 by the current price of around Rp. 32 million. Weight of 12.5 kg, which is equipped with a 9-inch screen with 2 floppy disk

Examples of the latest Laptop specs
• Microprocessor: 1.6 GHz Intel Core i7-720QM processor with 6 MB Level 2 cache
• Memory: 4096 MB (1 x 4096 MB) - Up to 8 GB
• Video Graphics: NVIDIA GeForce GT 230 with 2815 MB (1 GB dedicated)
• Hard Drive: 640 GB (2 x 320 GB) (7200 rpm)
• Multimedia Drive: Lightscribe Blu-Ray ROM with SuperMulti DVD ± R / RW Double Layer
• Display: 18.4 "Diagonal High Definition HP Ultra Brightview Infinity Display (1920 x 1080)
• Network Card: Integrated 10/100/1000 Gigabit Ethernet LAN
• Wireless Connectivity: Intel 802.11 a / g / n, Bluetooth
• Sound: Altec Lansing speakers with integrated subwoofer and with Dolby Home Theater
• Keyboard: Full size keyboard with integrated numeric keypad and 1 Quick Launch buttons
• Pointing Device: Touch Pad with On / Off button and pad vertical Scroll Up / Down
• 1 ExpressCard/54 Slot (also supports ExpressCard/34)
• 5-in-1 integrated Digital Media Reader for Secure Digital cards, MultiMedia cards, Memory Stick, Memory Stick Pro, or xD Picture cards
• 4 USB 2.0
• 1 VGA port
• 1 HDMI connector
• 1 eSATA + USB connector
• 1 RJ45 ethernet connector
• 2 headphones-out
• 1 mic-in
• expansion port
• 1 IEEE 1394
• Infrared remote control port
• cable docking connector
• Dimensions: 43.6 cm (L) x 28.6 cm (W) x 3:37 cm (min H) / 4:37 cm (max H)
• Weight: 4:06 kg
• Security: integrated finger print reader
• Power: 90 W AC Power Adapter
• Battery: 8-cell Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion)

E. Tips for Choosing the Right Laptop
 Maybe for you who want to switch from PC to laptop, not knowing how to select a good laptop. Laptops are many different brands on the market. This will make We became dizzy to select it. Well, this article will review how to choose a good laptop so as not to regret later.
Basically, all laptops are the same. Why do I say so? That's because the specifications of the laptop, both using Intel or AMD processor. Still, we have to selectively choose a laptop with a good brand. Following international laptop vendors ordered by ranking:
• Apple Macintosh
• Sony Vaio
• Toshiba
• Hewlett-Packard, Compaq
• Dell
• Asus
• Lenovo
Seventh laptop above is including the types of laptop reliable. However, we also need to know the weaknesses and strengths of each vendor.

• Apple Macintosh

This laptop uses the Macintosh operating system. The advantages of this laptop is a high specification and elegant model. But the drawback, this laptop is difficult to be found in small towns. Besides, the price offered is also quite high. Operating systems also used this laptop has a tricky way of working. It is not advisable when choosing this laptop is still under amateur status.

• Sony Vaio

Most of the Sony Vaio Laptop has Operating System directly pack on his laptop. That is, the average of the existing laptop Genuine Windowsnya. In addition, this laptop has a charming design, high performance, and complete specifications. Just like Apple, Sony Vaio enough to drain the budget. To get the standard specs, you have to spend about 15 million dollars. However, this laptop is often found in small towns.

• Toshiba

Toshiba can say is Good Laptop The Economist. For those of you who want to have a good laptop that is economical, Toshiba can answer. Why Toshiba seem cheap? Toshiba is not accompanied by most of the default Operating System. So you have to install it yourself. The downside of this laptop is average design is a classic design. That is box-shaped. Already many in the market.
• Hewlett-Packard, Compaq
You might be wondering, why HP and Compaq merged in this article? That is because Compaq is part of the production of Hewlett-Packard Company. Advantages of HP Laptop (usually type pavilion) is a model and an elegant design. In addition, the keys used to use light sensors. Button is meant to increase the volume, adjust brightness, and others. The downside of this laptop is, mostly made of metal. So sometimes give you the shock effect. In addition, the average performance was not too special. But, still the state standard. It could be said that the HP Pavilion is a laptop with a cool design. While Compaq (Presario usually), the performance offered on average very special. Most Compaq laptops already use Core processor (although sometimes there is also a Pentium). The downside of this laptop is the classic model. So the laptop is not suitable for making style. It could be said that Compaq Laptop with a brain is a dilute.

• Dell
This laptop is the most durable laptop among all. This laptop can last up to 6 years (results disposable maintained). In addition, performance is also very special. The price is quite affordable. The downside of this laptop is the lack of use of the VGA card on the laptop. This makes gamers do not choose this laptop. In addition, the shape and design of this laptop looks ugly so old. However, if it is not used to the style, this weakness will not be a problem for you.

• Asus
Gamers laptop. Perhaps this is the appropriate epithet strapped for ASUS. Almost all laptops come with ASUS video card. Additionally, almost all games recommended by ASUS. So if you're a true gamer, you may prefer this laptop. The downside of this laptop is slow performance. If the program is used to open a similar weight Corel and PhotoShop often hangs. Is not very suitable for an office employee. Because it will complicate your work.

• Lenovo
New name. But do not be underestimated. Vendors on this one, just like the Sony Vaio and Toshiba. But much cheaper. I dare not speak much. Because I never tested it against the laptop.
After learning laptop vendors, these other things that we do not regret when buying a laptop:
• Make sure to buy a new laptop. Because normally laptop second hand unquestionable quality
• If forced to buy a second, be sure to buy at the store reliable
• If buying new, make sure the laptop is sealed both outside and inside. Because if the seals in the open, the selling price will fall
• Make sure the warranty card has been sent to the vendor or product you have terigistrasi
• Buy a laptop to suit your needs. Select that matches your specifications
• If an existing laptop default OS, be sure to check its authenticity with seal
• Check the completeness of the laptop before leaving the store
• If necessary, buy a nice bag and thick. This will prevent the clash to the laptop

CHAPTER III
CLOSING

Conclusion
also known as notebook / PowerBook is a portable computer (small and can be carried anywhere with ease) that is integrated in a casing. Weighing ranges from 1 to 6 pounds depending on size, materials and specifications. The power source comes from batteries or A / C adapter which can be used to recharge the batteries and turn on the laptop itself. Laptop batteries usually last about 1 to 6 hours depending on how the use of, specifications, and the size of the battery.
As personal computers, laptops have the same functionality as the Desktop Computer albeit with lower ability. Components contained therein are similar to those found in Desktop Computers with reduced size, lighter, no heat and power efficient. Laptops mostly use the LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) measuring 10 inches to 17 inches depending on the size of the laptop itself. In addition, the keyboard found on the laptop also comes with a touchpad, also known as a trackpad that functions as a mouse cursor mover. Keyboard and Mouse can be installed via the additional USB socket.
Suggestion
Some publications that appeared in recent years may be quite troubling the user with the means, because of the heat and radiation laptop reportedly has a significant effect on male reproductive function associated with a location close to the genital area and testes as an executive organ functions.
In addition, many of our young people in general and the abuse of the latest technology just for the sake of style, pornography, and the other, therefore we should be able to respond to these developments degan prudent and wise

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